الوحدة 1: Unit 1 The Law

الدرس 3Vocabulary

من كتاب الطالبOVER TO YOU — الصف الثاني عشر — الفصل الدراسي الأول · من صفحة 18

مختبر اللغات

أهداف الدرس

  • I can identify different meanings of the same word from context.
  • I can use the book’s glossary to check multiple meanings.
  • I can form the adjectives needed in the printed sentences.

الشرح خطوة بخطوة

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المقطع 1 من 1Vocabulary: Words with more than one meaning5:22

مقاطع الدرس

0 من 1 مكتمل

Vocabulary: Words with more than one meaning18)

مثال
  1. 1 The judge handed down a fair sentence.

  2. 2 You shouldn’t judge a book by its cover.

18)
مثال
  1. 1 The ten-year sentence was described as fair.

  2. 2 She wrote a complex sentence.

18)
مثال
  1. 1 The defence asked for more time to prepare their arguments.

  2. 2 The army provided the country’s defence.

18)
مثال
  1. 1 The prosecution presented their case to the jury.

  2. 2 I packed my belongings into a case.

18)
مثال
  1. 1 It was a brief holiday.

  2. 2 The brief set out their points and arguments.

18)
  1. the action by which something resists attack
  2. the punishment imposed on a criminal by a court
  3. a container in which clothes and other belongings may be stored
  4. a defendant’s representative in a legal dispute
  5. a legal dispute to be settled in a court of law
  6. to form an opinion about something
  7. of short duration
  8. a public official appointed to preside over legal disputes
  9. a group of words, normally containing a subject and verb, that expresses a complete idea
  10. a written summary of the legal points supporting one side’s case
  1. bench, brief, case, defence,
  2. handcuffs, note, prosecute,
  3. row, spring
  1. a mean
  2. b note
  3. c bench
  4. d spring
  5. e row
  1. verb: to have or represent a particular meaning
  2. adjective: cruel or not kind
  3. noun: the average amount, figure or value
  1. noun 1 a brief record of facts, topics, or thoughts, written down as an aid to memory
  2. noun 2 an official letter sent from the representative of one government to another.
  3. noun 3 Brit. a banknote : a ten-pound note
  4. noun 4 a single tone of definite pitch made by a musical instrument or the human voice
  5. verb 1 to notice or pay particular attention to (something)
  6. verb 2 to record (something) in writing
  1. noun 1 a long seat for several people, typically made of wood or stone.
  2. noun 2 a seat in Parliament for politicians of a specified party or position.
  3. noun 3 (the bench) the office of judge or magistrate
  1. noun 1 a resilient metal coil used especially for cushioning and in clockwork
  2. noun 2 the season of the year between winter and summer during which many plants bring forth leaves and flowers
  3. verb 1 to move or jump suddenly or rapidly upward or forward
  4. verb 2 to originate or arise from
  1. noun 1 things or people that are arranged in a line that is usually straight, or the line itself
  2. noun 2 a line of seats in a theater, lecture hall, or similar public place
  3. verb: to propel (a boat) with oars
  1. a Many people believe that the worst crimes are murder and otheracts. (violence)
  2. b There would be asituation in society if there were nosystem. (chaos / law)
  3. c He left court a free man because he had proved that he was … .
  4. The jury said he was not … . (innocence / guilt)
  1. a violent
  2. b chaotic; legal
  3. c innocent; guilty

الملخص

  • Context helps you choose between meanings of the same word.
  • Judge can name an official or mean form an opinion.
  • Sentence can refer to a court’s punishment or a group of words.
  • The glossary separates different parts of speech and meanings.
  • The adjective forms are violent, chaotic, legal, innocent and guilty.

الأفكار الرئيسية

  1. Do not assign a meaning without reading the surrounding words.
  2. A related noun and adjective have different grammatical jobs.

الأسئلة المهمة

What does judge mean in You shouldn’t judge a book by its cover?

To form an opinion about something.

الكتاب صفحة 18

What does case mean in I packed my belongings into a case?

A container in which clothes and other belongings may be stored.

الكتاب صفحة 18

What does brief mean in It was a brief holiday?

Of short duration.

الكتاب صفحة 18

What are the three parts of speech listed for mean?

Verb, adjective and noun.

الكتاب صفحة 18

Which adjectives complete the final sentence pair?

Innocent and guilty: he was innocent; he was not guilty.

الكتاب صفحة 18

اختبار الدرس

أجب ثم اضغط «صحّح» لترى درجتك وتفسير كل إجابة.

سؤال 1
1

What does sentence mean in The ten-year sentence was described as fair?

سهل
سؤال 2
2

Which example uses case as a container?

سهل
سؤال 3
3

Complete: murder and other _____ acts.

متوسط
سؤال 4
4

Which meaning of mean is a noun in the glossary?

متوسط
سؤال 5
5

In It was a brief holiday, brief means a written legal summary.

سهل
سؤال 6
6

The glossary gives both noun and verb meanings for row.

متوسط
سؤال 7
7

Complete the adjective related to chaos: a _____ situation.

متوسط
سؤال 8
8

Why do the two examples of judge need different definitions?

صعب

الواجب

أسئلة تطبيقية لتحلها في البيت. يمكنك طباعتها من الأعلى.

سؤال 1
1

Give the two meanings of defence used in the printed examples.

متوسط
سؤال 2
2

Use the book’s glossary to organise the meanings of spring by part of speech.

متوسط
سؤال 3
3

Explain why innocent and not guilty fit the final pair of sentences.

صعب

مصطلحات الدرس

judge
In sentence 1, judge is a public official appointed to preside over legal disputes. In sentence 2, judge means to form an opinion about something. Example: The judge handed down a fair sentence.
sentence
In sentence 1, sentence is the punishment imposed on a criminal by a court. In sentence 2, it is a group of words that expresses a complete idea. Example: The ten-year sentence was described as fair.
defence
In sentence 1, defence refers to a defendant’s representative in a legal dispute. In sentence 2, it is the action by which something resists attack. Example: The defence asked for more time to prepare their arguments.
case
In sentence 1, case is a legal dispute to be settled in a court of law. In sentence 2, it is a container for clothes and other belongings. Example: The prosecution presented their case to the jury.
brief
In sentence 1, brief means of short duration. In sentence 2, a brief is a written summary of the legal points supporting one side’s case. Example: It was a brief holiday.

تمارين الكتاب كاملة

كل سؤال ونشاط وتمرين ورد في صفحات هذا الدرس، بنصه وإجابته النموذجية. 3 تمرينًا.

1Match the definitions below to the words in a-e. Then, read the two example sentences for each word. Which one uses the word according to the definition? a judge 1 The judge handed down a fair sentence. 2 You shouldn’t judge a book by its cover. b sentence 1 The ten-year sentence was described as fair. 2 She wrote a complex sentence. c defence 1 The defence asked for more time to prepare their arguments. 2 The army provided the country’s defence. d case 1 The prosecution presented their case to the jury. 2 I packed my belongings into a case. e brief 1 It was a brief holiday. 2 The brief set out their points and arguments. Definitions the action by which something resists attack the punishment imposed on a criminal by a court a container in which clothes and other belongings may be stored a defendant’s representative in a legal dispute a legal dispute to be settled in a court of law to form an opinion about something of short duration a public official appointed to preside over legal disputes a group of words, normally containing a subject and verb, that expresses a complete idea a written summary of the legal points supporting one side’s case18)

In the printed order of definitions: 1 defence, example 2 2 sentence, example 1 3 case, example 2 4 defence, example 1 5 case, example 1 6 judge, example 2 7 brief, example 1 8 judge, example 1 9 sentence, example 2 10 brief, example 2

2Use a dictionary, or the glossary at the end of this book, to check the multiple meanings of the following words. a mean b note c bench d spring e row18)

mean verb: to have or represent a particular meaning adjective: cruel or not kind noun: the average amount, figure or value note noun 1 a brief record of facts, topics, or thoughts, written down as an aid to memory noun 2 an official letter sent from the representative of one government to another. noun 3 Brit. a banknote : a ten-pound note noun 4 a single tone of definite pitch made by a musical instrument or the human voice verb 1 to notice or pay particular attention to (something) verb 2 to record (something) in writing bench noun 1 a long seat for several people, typically made of wood or stone. noun 2 a seat in Parliament for politicians of a specified party or position. noun 3 (the bench) the office of judge or magistrate spring noun 1 a resilient metal coil used especially for cushioning and in clockwork noun 2 the season of the year between winter and summer during which many plants bring forth leaves and flowers verb 1 to move or jump suddenly or rapidly upward or forward verb 2 to originate or arise from row noun 1 things or people that are arranged in a line that is usually straight, or the line itself noun 2 a line of seats in a theater, lecture hall, or similar public place verb: to propel (a boat) with oars

3Nouns and adjectives: Complete these sentences with adjectives related to the nouns in brackets. You may need to use a dictionary. a Many people believe that the worst crimes are murder and otheracts. (violence) b There would be asituation in society if there were nosystem. (chaos / law) c He left court a free man because he had proved that he was … . The jury said he was not … . (innocence / guilt)18)

a violent b chaotic; legal c innocent; guilty

صفحات الكتاب

صفحات هذا الدرس من كتاب الطالب الرسمي كما هي، صفحات 18 إلى 18.

المصدر: OVER TO YOU — الصف الثاني عشر — الفصل الدراسي الأول

  • ص 18: «You shouldn’t judge a book by its cover.»
  • ص 18: «It was a brief holiday.»